Teorijski pristup i praktičan rad kao didaktička sredstva na primjeru stjecanja vještina rada sa 3D tehnologijom ispisa

Trpimir Jeronim Ježić1, Anna Maria Hackeberger Kutuzović1, Nikola Mrvac1

am.hackenberger@gmail.com, trpimir.jezic@grf.hr, nikola.mrvac@grf.hr
1Sveučilište u Zagrebu Grafički fakultet, Getaldićeva 2, Zagreb, Hrvatska

Sažetak

Svaki razvoj novih tehnologija nužno je praćen i potrebom za obrazovanjem stručnjaka koji bi njome umjeli upravljati. Zadatak pred znanstvenim ustanovama stoga je, u sklopu razvoja tehnologije, i pronalaženje načina učinkovitog obrazovanja novih kadrova osposobljenih upravljati novom tehnologijom. Jasan problem suvremenomu obrazovanju kojeg donosi brzina tehničkog razvoja jest taj što ograničava rok primjenjivosti stečenih znanja i vještina koji nerijetko ističe još za trajanja samog studija. Nameće se stoga pitanje: Kako izučavati još nepostojeće, nepoznate tehnologije? 3D tehnologija ispisa kao primjer tehnički 'tradicionalne', ali mnoštvu nove, nepoznate i priželjkivane tehnologije 'budućnosti', ne traži samo teorijsko razumijevanje, već i vještinu upravljanja cjelokupnim postupkom strojne proizvodnje. Rad propituje postoji li prednost među dva pristupa obrazovanju u kontekstu stjecanja vještina upravljanja novim tehnologijama, odnosno koliki utjecaj u razumijevanju novih tehnologija ima teorijsko upoznavanje sa opisom načina rada tehnologije, a koliki praksa rada sa strojem. Tehnologija 3d ispisa pomaže slobodu izražavanja i kreativnost, ali ujedno vježba i razumijevanje kompleksnih tehnoloških sustava.
Ključne riječi: Edukacija, nove tehnologije, teorija i praksa, didaktika, 3d ispis

The difference between theoretical and practical approach as a didactic mean for conveying 3D printing skills

Abstract

Each new technological development necessarily is followed by the need for education of experts fit for its stewardship. Research and science institutions are thus faced with the task of developing efficient educational models suited for upbringing future generations of engineers. The speed of current technological progress raises one discernible issue of placing short expiration dates on the applicability of each particular technical knowhow, often expiring even before the completion dates of the training programs. This raises a question: Could students be educated in a way that prepares them for upcoming, still unforeseen technologies? The technology of 3D print exemplifies a technology that is simultaneously 'traditional' in its general technical approach and 'futuristic' in the way it is perceived as forward-thinking and operating on principles unfamiliar to general public. Its application requires understanding of the theoretical principles on which FFF technology is grounded, as well as a skillset for managing the whole of computer aided manufacturing chain. The paper seeks the answer to the question of precedence between two general routes educational models can take in addressing the need for fostering competences for managing new technologies apropos weighing the advantages of gaining the theoretical insight in technology’s mechanisms against efficacies of gaining the practical experience through direct interaction with the technology in question. The technology of 3D printing stimulates creativity and artistry, but it also requires comprehending complex production systems.
Keywords: Education, new technologies, theory and practice, didactics, 3D print