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Virtualizacija servera i radnih stanica Servers and workstations virtualization Kristijan Tijan, Suzana Pasanec Preprotić Sveučilište u Zagrebu Grafički fakultet Sažetak Virtualizacija računalnih sustava u IT tehnologiji podrazumijeva korištenje hipervizora. Cilj rada je prikazati virtualno funkcioniranje računalnih sustava, objasniti kako rade hipervizori i istaknuti njihove karakteristike. Hipervizori su aktivatori većeg broja virtualnih mašina sa zasebnim operativnim sustavima na jednom fizičkom „host“ računalu. Objašnjena je njihova podjela koja može biti prema načinu izvedbe - nativni ili bare-metal i udomaćeni (hosted) hipervizor, i prema arhitekturi - monolitni i mikro-kernel hipervizor. Virtualizacija računala ima prednosti i mana, međutim prednosti su daleko veće od nedostataka. Virtualizacija računalnih sustava je unaprijedila rad istih te je promijenila politiku njihova funkcioniranja u IT industriji ali i u drugim granama proizvodnje i trgovine. U radu su pojedinačno obrađena dva najvažnija proizvoda u tom segmentu a to su Microsoft Hyper-V i VMware. Svaki od njih ima svoje specifične karakteristike. Hyper-V je intuitivniji i jednostavniji, dok je VMware kompleksniji i osigurava krajnjem korisniku veću pouzdanost, skalabilnost i produktivnost. Sastoji se od niza dodatnih proizvoda iz područja virtualizacije. Predstavljena su dva VMware hipervizora: softverski hipervizor (VMware Workstation) i bare-metal hipervizor (VMware vSphere). Virtualizacijske platforme Hyper-V i VMware, te komparacija njihovih funkcija predmet su istraživanja u ovom radu. Abstract Virtualization of computer systems in IT technology implies the use of hypervisors. The point of this seminar is to show virtual functionality of computer systems, to explain how the hypervisors work and to highlight theirs characteristics. Hypervisors are the activators of multiple virtual machines with their own operating systems on the one physical "host" machine. Explained is their division which could be defined according to the way of implementation - native or bare-metal and hosted hypervisor, and according to the architecture - monolithic and micro-kernel hypervisor. Computer virtualization has its advantages and disadvantages, however the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. Computer systems virtualization has improved their performance and changed the policy of their functioning in the IT industry as in other branches of production and trade. The two most important products in this segment are separately explained and those are - Microsoft Hyper-V and VMware. Both of them has its specific characteristics. Hyper-V is more intuitive and simple, while the VMware is more complex and provides greater reliability, scalability and productivity to the end user. It consists of a number of additional products in the field of virtualization. Two VMware hypervisors are presented: software hypervisor (VMware Workstation) and the bare-metal (VMware vSphere) hypervisor. Hyper-V and VMware virtualization platforms, and the comparison of their functions are the subject of research in this seminar. ktijan@grf.hr
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